Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ có đáp án từ cơ bản đến nâng cao
Lịch khai giảng

Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ có đáp án từ cơ bản đến nâng cao

Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ (Relative Clauses) là một trong những chủ điểm ngữ pháp trọng yếu trong tiếng Anh, đặc biệt là với những ai đang ôn luyện IELTS. Việc sử dụng thành thạo cấu trúc này không chỉ giúp câu văn của bạn trở nên linh hoạt, chuyên nghiệp hơn mà còn là chìa khóa để đạt điểm cao trong tiêu chí Grammatical Range and Accuracy. Trong bài viết này, IZONE sẽ cung cấp cho bạn hệ thống lý thuyết cô đọng cùng bộ bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ từ cơ bản đến nâng cao, giúp bạn tự tin chinh phục mọi kỳ thi.

Ôn tập lý thuyết về mệnh đề quan hệ tiếng Anh

Mệnh đề quan hệ là một mệnh đề phụ được dùng để bổ nghĩa cho một danh từ (hoặc cụm danh từ) đứng trước nó. Nó giúp người đọc/người nghe xác định chính xác đối tượng đang được nói đến.

Các đại từ quan hệ (Relative Pronouns) và trạng từ quan hệ (Relative Adverbs):

Đại từChức năngVị tríVí dụ 
whoChỉ người; làm chủ ngữ/tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệĐứng đầu mệnh đề quan hệ sau danh từ chỉ ngườiThe man who I find the most courageous is Mai’s father.
whomChỉ người; làm tân ngữ (formal)Đứng đầu mệnh đề quan hệ sau danh từ chỉ ngườiThe girl whom you met yesterday is Toan’s girlfriend.
whichChỉ vật/động vật/ý tưởng; làm chủ ngữ/tân ngữĐứng đầu mệnh đề quan hệ sau danh từ chỉ vậtThe laptop which Phúc bought is quite powerful.
thatChỉ người/vật; làm chủ ngữ/tân ngữ Đứng đầu mệnh đề quan hệ sau danh từThe book that Hoa recommended is really useful.
whoseChỉ sở hữu (của ai/của cái gì)Đứng trước danh từ trong mệnh đề quan hệTrang is a student whose pronunciation has improved a lot.
whereChỉ nơi chốn (= in/at/on which)Đứng đầu mệnh đề quan hệ sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốnDa Nang is a city where Huy feels relaxed.
whenChỉ thời gian (= on/in/at which)Đứng đầu mệnh đề quan hệ sau danh từ chỉ thời gian2019 was the year when Nam started learning IELTS.

Phân biệt Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và không xác định (Defining vs. Non-defining Relative Clauses):

Đặc điểmMệnh đề xác định (Defining Relative clauses)Mệnh đề không xác định(Non-defining Clause)
Chức năngThành phần bắt buộc phải có trong câu để câu mang đầy đủ nghĩa.Cung cấp thêm thông tin, bỏ đi câu vẫn đủ nghĩa.
Dấu phẩyKhông dùng dấu phẩy.Phải dùng dấu phẩy để ngăn cách.
Dùng “That”Có thể dùng.Tuyệt đối không dùng “That”.

Cách rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ (Reducing Relative Clauses):

Để nâng tầm bài viết, việc rút gọn mệnh đề là kỹ năng không thể thiếu:

Dạng rút gọnĐiều kiệnCách rút gọnVí dụ
V-ingMĐQH chủ độngwho/which + V → V-ingPeople living in big cities face stress.
V3/edMĐQH bị độngwhich/that + be + V3 → V3/edProducts made locally are cheaper.
To Vmục đích/“first/next/only…”N + to VThe first person to arrive was Mia.
Cụm giới từwhere/when → prep + Nwhere → in/at + NThe café in which we met… / The café where we met…

Các lỗi sai kinh điển khi làm bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ và cách khắc phục

Lỗi sai thường gặpVí dụ saiCách sửa Ví dụ đúng
Dùng that trong non-definingMy sister, that lives in Hue, is a doctor.Non-defining không dùng that → đổi who/whichMy sister, who lives in Hue, is a doctor.
Quên dấu phẩy với non-definingHanoi which is the capital has heavy traffic.Thông tin “bổ sung thêm” → thêm , trước/sau mệnh đềHanoi, which is the capital, has heavy traffic.
Thêm dấu phẩy vào defining (đổi nghĩa)Students, who study hard, get high scores.Nếu “chỉ nhóm cụ thể” → bỏ dấu phẩyStudents who study hard get high scores.
Lược bỏ đại từ khi nó là chủ ngữThe teacher teaches Phúc is strict.Đại từ làm chủ ngữ → không được bỏThe teacher who teaches Phúc is strict.
Không biết khi nào được lược bỏ (tân ngữ)The book that Lan bought is useful.Đại từ là tân ngữ → có thể bỏThe book Lan bought is useful.
Nhầm where với which (địa điểm)The school which Minh studied is famous.Nơi chốn → dùng where hoặc in whichThe school where Minh studied is famous.
Nhầm when với which (thời gian)The day which Nam met Linh changed him.Thời gian → dùng when hoặc on whichThe day when Nam met Linh changed him.
Dùng who cho vật / which cho ngườiThe phone who Phúc bought is expensive.Người: who/whom; Vật: which/thatThe phone which/that Phúc bought is expensive.
Dùng whose sai cấu trúcTrang is a girl whose is kind.whose + danh từTrang is a girl whose personality is kind.
Dùng whom như chủ ngữThe man whom lives next door is Mr. Long.Chủ ngữ → who; whom chỉ tân ngữThe man who lives next door is Mr. Long.
Lặp đại từ nhân xưng trong mệnh đềThe student who he won is Phúc.Có who/which/that rồi → bỏ he/she/it/theyThe student who won is Phúc.
Dùng “which” nói về cả mệnh đề trước nhưng thiếu dấu phẩyPhúc missed the bus which made him late.“which” chỉ cả câu → dùng , which …Phúc missed the bus, which made him late.

Chi tiết kiến thức về mệnh đề quan hệ: Mệnh đề quan hệ (Relative clause): Kiến thức + Bài Tập chi tiết

Tổng hợp bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ từ cơ bản đến nâng cao có đáp án

Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ

Bài tập về mệnh đề quan hệ cơ bản 

Bài 1: Chọn đại từ/trạng từ quan hệ đúng cho mỗi câu

  1. Lan is the student always asks thoughtful questions.
  2. The book Phúc bought yesterday is about public health.
  3. Mr. Long is the teacher I met at the seminar.
  4. Da Nang is the city Huy feels most relaxed.
  5. 2019 was the year Nam started learning English seriously.
  6. Trang is a girl handwriting is very neat.
  7. The laptop Minh is using is quite fast.
  8. The class My teaches every Saturday is full of teenagers.
  9. The café Linh and An met is near the lake.
  10. The documentary inspired Quang won an award.

Bài 2: Nối 2 câu thành 1 câu, dùng who/which/that/where/when/whose.

  1. Lan is a doctor. Lan works night shifts at Bach Mai Hospital.
  2. Phuc bought a course. The course helps learners with pronunciation.
  3. Minh knows a teacher. The teacher teaches IELTS Writing at IZONE.
  4. Trang joined a club. The club meets every Sunday morning.
  5. Huy visited a museum. The museum displays ancient pottery.
  6. Nam met a friend. The friend lives in Singapore.
  7. Linh lives in a neighbourhood. The neighbourhood is very quiet.
  8. Quang wrote an essay. The essay impressed his lecturer.
  9. Mai watched a movie. The movie changed her viewpoint.
  10. An has a colleague. The colleague’s ideas are always practical.

Bài 3: Viết lại câu cho đúng (thêm/bớt dấu phẩy và sửa đại từ nếu cần).

  1. My sister that lives in Hue is a pharmacist.
  2. Mr. Minh who is my manager is very supportive.
  3. Hanoi which is crowded attracts many tourists.
  4. The students, who study hard, usually get higher scores.
  5. Phuc, that I met yesterday, is an excellent presenter.
  6. Da Nang, where Huy was born is a coastal city
  7. The book which Lan recommended is easy to follow.
  8. My laptop, that I bought in 2024, still works well.
  9. The teacher who teaches Trang is strict.
  10. 2020, when Nam started university was a challenging year.

Bài 4: Viết lại câu bằng cách bỏ đại từ quan hệ nếu có thể (không lược bỏ nếu nó là chủ ngữ).

  1. The book that Lan bought is expensive.
  2. The teacher who teaches Minh is strict.
  3. The friend whom Nam called is busy.
  4. The movie which Mai watched was inspiring.
  5. The laptop that Phúc repaired works again.
  6. The student who won the contest is Trang.
  7. The café which Linh likes is always crowded.
  8. The manager whom Huy met was polite.
  9. The idea that Quang suggested is practical.
  10. The class that My joined starts at 7 p.m.

Bài 5: Bài tập trắc nghiệm mệnh đề quan hệ

  1. Câu nào đúng?
  1. My brother, that lives in Hue, is a doctor.
  2. My brother, who lives in Hue, is a doctor.
  3. My brother who lives in Hue, is a doctor.
  4. My brother that lives in Hue is a doctor.

2. Chọn câu đúng?

  1. Students, who practise daily, improve faster.
  2. Students who practise daily improve faster.
  3. Students who practise daily, improve faster.
  4. Students, who practise daily improve faster.

3. Chọn câu đúng?

  1. Hanoi which is the capital has heavy traffic.
  2. Hanoi, which is the capital, has heavy traffic.
  3. Hanoi, that is the capital, has heavy traffic.
  4. Hanoi which, is the capital, has heavy traffic.

4. Chọn câu đúng:

  1. Phúc, who I met yesterday, is very confident.
  2. Phúc, that I met yesterday, is very confident.
  3. Phúc who I met yesterday is very confident.
  4. Phúc, whom lives next door, is very confident.

5. Chọn câu đúng:

  1. Ms. Thảo, who teaches Nam is friendly.
  2. Ms. Thảo who teaches Nam, is friendly.
  3. Ms. Thảo, who teaches Nam, is friendly.
  4. Ms. Thảo, that teaches Nam, is friendly.

6. Chọn câu đúng:

  1. The book, which Lan recommended, is easy to follow.
  2. The book which Lan recommended is easy to follow.
  3. The book, that Lan recommended, is easy to follow.
  4. The book, who Lan recommended, is easy to follow.

7. Chọn câu đúng:

  1. Da Nang, where Huy was born is beautiful.
  2. Da Nang where, Huy was born, is beautiful.
  3. Da Nang, where Huy was born, is beautiful.
  4. Da Nang, that Huy was born, is beautiful.

8. Chọn câu đúng:

  1. 2019, when Nam started IELTS, was stressful.
  2. 2019 when Nam started IELTS was stressful.
  3. 2019, that Nam started IELTS, was stressful.
  4. 2019, which Nam started IELTS, was stressful.

9. Chọn câu đúng:

  1. My laptop, that I bought in 2024, still works well.
  2. My laptop which I bought in 2024 still works well.
  3. My laptop, which I bought in 2024, still works well.
  4. My laptop, who I bought in 2024, still works well.

10. Chọn câu đúng:

  1. The teacher, who teaches Trang is strict.
  2. The teacher who teaches Trang is strict.
  3. The teacher, that teaches Trang, is strict.
  4. The teacher who teaches Trang, is strict.

Bài 1:

1) who 

2) that/which 

3) whom/who 

4) where 

5) when 

6) whose 

7) that/which 

8) that/which 

9) where 

10) that/which

Bài 2:

  1. Lan is a doctor who works night shifts at Bach Mai Hospital.
  2. Phuc bought a course that/which helps learners with pronunciation.
  3. Minh knows a teacher who teaches IELTS Writing at IZONE.
  4. Trang joined a club that/which meets every Sunday morning.
  5. Huy visited a museum that/which displays ancient pottery.
  6. Nam met a friend who lives in Singapore.
  7. Linh lives in a neighbourhood that/which is very quiet. (hoặc: where Linh lives is very quiet — nhưng cấu trúc này đổi vị trí)
  8. Quang wrote an essay that/which impressed his lecturer.
  9. Mai watched a movie that/which changed her viewpoint.
  10. An has a colleague whose ideas are always practical.

Bài 3: 

  1. My sister who lives in Hue is a pharmacist. (defining → không dấu phẩy)
  2. Mr. Minh, who is my manager, is very supportive. (non-defining → có dấu phẩy)
  3. Hanoi, which is crowded, attracts many tourists. (non-defining)
  4. Students who study hard usually get higher scores. (defining → bỏ dấu phẩy để đúng nghĩa “một nhóm”)
  5. Phúc, whom/who I met yesterday, is an excellent presenter. (non-defining clause; không dùng “that”)
  6. Da Nang, where Huy was born, is a coastal city. (thêm dấu phẩy sau “born”)
  7. The book (that/which) Lan recommended is easy to follow. (defining; có thể giữ which/that)
  8. My laptop, which I bought in 2024, still works well. (non-defining clause; không dùng “that”)
  9. The teacher who teaches Trang is strict. (đúng sẵn)
  10. 2020, when Nam started university, was a challenging year. (thêm dấu phẩy + tách “was”)

Bài 4:

  1. The book Lan bought is expensive.
  2. (Không bỏ) The teacher who teaches Minh is strict.
  3. The friend Nam called is busy.
  4. The movie Mai watched was inspiring.
  5. The laptop Phúc repaired works again.
  6. (Không bỏ) The student who won the contest is Trang.
  7. The café Linh likes is always crowded.
  8. The manager Huy met was polite.
  9. The idea Quang suggested is practical.
  10. The class My joined starts at 7 p.m.

Bài 5:

1B 2B 3B 4A 5C 

6B 7C 8A 9C 10B

Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ có đáp án nâng cao

Bài 6: Viết lại theo yêu cầu trong ngoặc.

  1. Phúc missed the bus. He was late for the interview. (dùng “, which …”)
  2. The report was written by Nam. It was very clear. (rút gọn V3/ed)
  3. Lan is the only person. Lan can solve this problem. (to V)
  4. Minh is talking to Ms. Thảo. (viết trang trọng: to whom)
  5. Trang lives in a city. The city has reliable public transport. (defining)
  6. The course is designed for beginners. The course is popular. (rút gọn V3/ed)
  7. Huy met a colleague. The colleague’s advice was helpful. (whose)
  8. 2021 was a year. Nam changed his major in 2021. (when)
  9. The café is near the station. Linh met Mai there. (where)
  10. My bought a book. My really likes the book. (lược bỏ đại từ nếu có thể)

Bài 7: Bài tập rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ

  1. People who live in big cities often face stress.
  2. The documents that were submitted by Lan are incomplete.
  3. The first student who arrived was Minh.
  4. The course that is designed for beginners is popular.
  5. The man who is standing next to Phúc is Mr. Long.
  6. The pictures which were taken by Trang look professional.
  7. The only person who can solve this issue is Huy.
  8. Students who study regularly improve faster.
  9. The reports which were written by Nam were clear.
  10. The next speaker who will present is Linh.

Bài 8: Tìm lỗi sai trong các câu sau, chọn phương án A/B/C/D tương ứng:

  1. My teacher, A that teaches Nam, B is very patient C in class. D
  2. The phone A who Phúc bought B is broken C again. D
  3. The student A who he won B the contest C is Trang. D
  4. Hanoi A which is the capital B has many museums C for tourists. D
  5. Mr. Long A whom lives next door B is friendly C to everyone. D
  6. Mai is a girl A whose is very kind B and helpful C to others. D
  7. The book A that inspired Quang, B it was famous C worldwide. D
  8. Da Nang, A where Huy lives, B is a coastal city C in Vietnam. D
  9. 2019 was the year A which Nam started IELTS B seriously C at IZONE. D
  10. The manager A whom An spoke to B was polite C and supportive. D

Bài 6:

  1. Phúc missed the bus, which made him late for the interview.
  2. The report written by Nam was very clear.
  3. Lan is the only person to solve this problem.
  4. Ms. Thảo is the person to whom Minh is talking. (hoặc: The person to whom Minh is talking is Ms. Thảo.)
  5. Trang lives in a city that/which has reliable public transport.
  6. The course designed for beginners is popular.
  7. Huy met a colleague whose advice was helpful.
  8. 2021 was the year when Nam changed his major.
  9. The café where Linh met Mai is near the station.
  10. The book My bought is the book My really likes. (gọn hơn, tự nhiên hơn: The book My bought is the one she really likes.)

Bài 7: 

  1. People living in big cities often face stress.
  2. The documents submitted by Lan are incomplete.
  3. The first student to arrive was Minh.
  4. The course designed for beginners is popular.
  5. The man standing next to Phúc is Mr. Long.
  6. The pictures taken by Trang look professional.
  7. The only person to solve this issue is Huy.
  8. Students studying regularly improve faster.
  9. The reports written by Nam were clear.

Bài 8:

1A 2B 3B 4A 5B 6B 7C 8A 9B

Tải file bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ có đáp án PDF 

Trọn bộ bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ có đáp án PDF

Mệnh đề quan hệ không hề khó nếu bạn nắm vững bản chất và luyện tập đúng cách. Hy vọng bộ bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ và phần lý thuyết trên do IZONE cung cấp có thể giúp bạn nắm vững nội dung kiến thức này và tự tin sử dụng trong thực tế. 

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