Oxford Read & Discover – Unit 30: Your Body Defense

Đoạn giới thiệu:

How does your body heal broken bones or cuts? How does it fight infections? What can you do to help your body to defend itself and stay healthy? Read and discover the answers! 

Đoạn 1: Healing Broken Bones

Your bones are very strong, but they can break if you have an accident. When this happens, you should go to the hospital. The doctors can use an X-ray machine to see where the bone is broken. Then they can put it back into the right place. 

Sometimes you need to wear a plaster cast to help a broken bone to heal. A plaster cast holds the broken parts of the bone together and helps to keep them straight. Then your body starts to grow new bone cells to join the broken parts. 

Đoạn 2: Healing Cuts

If you cut yourself by accident, the cut can bleed a lot at first, but then the bleeding stops. This happens because your body closes the capillaries around the cut. Your blood also has lots of special cells, called platelets. They stick together to make a clot that stops the flow of blood. After a cut stops bleeding, the dry clot forms a scab. The scab is hard, and it protects the cut from germs. Then new skin cells start to grow under the scab. When the cut is healed, the sca b falls off and you can see the new skin. It looks smooth and pink.  

Đoạn 3: Help Your Body!

You can help your body to defend itself and stay healthy. Give your body the nutrients that it needs. Eat a variety of healthy foods and drink lots of water. Do exercise to keep your heart, lungs, muscles, and bones strong. Protect your lungs – don’t smoke! Get enough sleep every night so your body can rest. Your body heals itself when you are sleeping. Keep your body clean. Take baths or showers regularly, and wash your hands before you eat. Don’t forget to brush your teeth, too! Protect your body from danger. Use safety equipment when you do sport, and always wear a seat belt when you ride in a car. It can save your life! Your body is amazing. Remember to care for it!

Đoạn 4: Fighting Infections

When you hurt yourself, some germs can get into your body through cuts in your skin. There are also germs in the air that we breathe, the food that we eat, and the things that we touch. To defend itself, your body produces white blood cells. They kill the germs and keep your body healthy. Sometimes you can get a fever when you have an infection. Your body temperature increases, and you start to sweat to help your body to cool down. This is another way that your body tries to fight infection. Your body increases its temperature to kill the germs, but a high fever can be dangerous. When you have a high fever, you should see a doctor.